分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Uranoscopoidei (Sand dwellers)
鱸形目 (Sand dwellers) >
Ammodytidae (Sand lances)
玉筋魚科 (Sand lances)
Etymology: Hyperoplus: Greek, hyperoplos = that has vanity with its weapons (Ref. 45335).
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 6 - 30 m (Ref. 57178). 溫帶; 80°N - 37°N, 25°W - 36°E
Northeast Atlantic: Murman and Spitzbergen to Portugal, including Iceland and much of the Baltic.
東北大西洋: Murman 與 Spitzbergen 到葡萄牙, 包括冰島與許多波羅的海。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 13.0, range 11 - 15 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4674); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4645)
Tip of pectoral fin reaches the front end of the dorsal fin. Dark spot on each side of the snout. Two pointed teeth in the palate. Upper jaw not protractile (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
胸鰭頂端達到背鰭的前端。 在吻部的兩邊上的深色斑點。 在上顎的二個尖的齒。 上頜不是可伸出.(參考文獻 35388)
Inshore, including the inter-tidal zone and estuaries, and offshore to about 60 m depth. Commonly associated with Ammodytes species. Feeds initially on zooplankton, later small fish (clupeids and ammodytids) dominate the diet. Summer batch spawner. Used mainly for fishmeal and oil, but also utilized fresh and pan-fried for human consumption (Ref. 9988).
沿海地區, 包括中潮間帶與河口 , 與外海到大約 60 公尺深。 通常伴隨著 Ammodytes 種。 最初在浮游動物上為食,較遲的小魚 (鯡魚與玉筋魚科魚類) 佔優勢食性。 夏天分批產卵者。 主要地為魚漿或魚油使用, 也生鮮利用與油鍋炸的供人類消費.(參考文獻 9988)
東北大西洋: Murman 與 Spitzbergen 到葡萄牙, 包括冰島與許多波羅的海。
Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström, 1974. Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 March 2014
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 誘餌: occasionally
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基於模型的估計
首選溫度 (參考文獻
123201): 8.8 - 12.8, mean 10.3 °C (based on 476 cells).
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00173 - 0.00606), b=3.00 (2.84 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 4.0 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2; Fec=35,000).
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
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營養素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 50.7 [28.6, 103.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.402 [0.237, 0.669] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.405 [0.217, 0.718] g/100g; Selenium = 10.1 [4.9, 20.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [7.0, 60.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.594 [0.420, 0.824] mg/100g (wet weight);