Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino demersale; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 10 - 200 m, usually 10 - 150 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 72°N - 43°N, 26°W - 45°E (Ref. 54592)
Northeast Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to the White Sea and off Iceland.
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 29.3, range 20 - 30 cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9988); peso massimo pubblicato: 3.0 kg (Ref. 6112); Età massima riportata: 23 anni (Ref. 6112)
Small head and mouth. Body is oval. Skin is marbled and smooth. Lateral line almost straight, slight curve above the pectoral fin (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Lives most often on stony bottoms. Feeds on a variety of small invertebrates, but polychaetes seem to dominate. Apparently they do not feed in wintertime (Ref. 9900). Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Spawning is mainly confined to depths of 55-91 m in the northwestern North Sea and commences at a minimum temperature of 6.5 °C in Scottish waters. Sex ratio is about 1:1, but females progressively predominate upon sexual maturity.
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Acquari pubblici
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
Scarica XML
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Temperatura preferita (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 7.1 - 12.5, mean 9.9 °C (based on 1310 cells).
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00592 - 0.00928), b=3.09 (3.02 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.2 ±0.33 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.08-0.42; tm=3-6; tmax=23; Fec=19,680).
Prior r = 0.71, 95% CL = 0.47 - 1.07, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
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Vulnerabilità climatica (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
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Nutrienti (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 20.4 [11.3, 39.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.237 [0.134, 0.434] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [15, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.301 [0.150, 0.610] g/100g; Selenium = 18.1 [9.7, 37.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.6 [1.8, 30.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.377 [0.264, 0.576] mg/100g (wet weight);