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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
Etymology: Sprattus: Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Jenyns.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 10 - ? m. Subtropical; 38°S - 58°S, 70°W - 57°W (Ref. 188)
Southwest Atlantic: 40°S to Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland Islands (Ref. 188), also Burdwood Bank (Ref. 27363). Records from the Pacific may refer to Strangomera.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 188); common length : 15.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 188)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 13-21; Taggstrålar i analfenan 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 12 - 23; Ryggkotor: 52 - 58. Lower jaw slightly projecting, gill cover without bony radiating striae. Last two anal fin rays not enlarged. No dark spots on flanks. Pterotic bulla absent. Body dark blue dorsally and silvery white laterally and ventrally (Ref. 27363). All fins translucent (Ref. 27363).
A schooling species found in coastal waters. Food item of hakes, sea birds and seals in the Patagonian Falkland waters (Ref. 27363).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Ytterligare information
MedarbetareBilderStamps, Coins Misc.LjudCiguateraHastighetSimsättGälytaOtolithsHjärnstorlekSyn
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.3 - 10.6, mean 7.8 °C (based on 38 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00347 (0.00218 - 0.00552), b=3.02 (2.88 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.26 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 183 [100, 336] mg/100g; Iron = 1.56 [0.56, 5.13] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [17.6, 23.1] %; Omega3 = 0.31 [0.14, 0.67] g/100g; Selenium = 25.2 [13.0, 48.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.1 [3.4, 103.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.582 [0.260, 2.553] mg/100g (wet weight);