分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 15 - 400 m (Ref. 6763). 亞熱帶的; 62°N - 16°N, 19°W - 37°E
Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea.
東大西洋與地中海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 15.8, range 17 - 18 cm
Max length : 56.4 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 86700); common length : 22.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大体重: 940.00 g (Ref. 40637)
The shoulder spines can inflict, painful stings. Usually found buried in the sand or mud. Equipped with an acoustic apparatus that generates both acoustic and electric pulses. Electric discharge activity shows two temporal patterns: 1) reflexive discharges of short duration (milliseconds), elicited by mechanical stimulation, and 2) those of much longer duration (several seconds) observed only during the summer spawning period (Ref. 10011). Low-frequency spontaneous discharge activity (5-10 Hz), with a sexual dimorphism in discharge amplitude is also said to exist. This species suggestively represents a transitional form in the evolution of electric organs in fishes (Ref. 10577). Oviparous, eggs, larvae and juveniles are pelagic (Ref. 6763). Utilized fresh (Ref. 9987).
它的肩棘能施放, 令人痛苦的刺。 通常发现于埋藏在砂或泥中。 具有了产生听觉而电的脉冲的一个听觉的器官。 放电活动显示二个短暂的方式: 1) 反身放电持续很短的时间 (毫秒), 藉着物理的刺激引出, 与 2) 更长持续时间 (好几秒) 的观察只有在夏天的产卵期.(参考文献 10011) 低周波的自然放电活动 (5-10 赫兹), 具有一个在电流中的性同种二形也被说存在。 这种暗示性地在鱼中的发电器的进化代表一个变迁的形式。 (参考文献 10577) 生鲜使用.(参考文献 9987)
東大西洋與地中海。
Roux, C., 1990. Uranoscopidae. p. 897-898. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7366)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.2 - 17, mean 14.2 °C (based on 228 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00979 - 0.01477), b=3.04 (2.98 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 69.2 [40.3, 127.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.04 [0.66, 1.74] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.445 [0.303, 0.666] g/100g; Selenium = 30.9 [15.8, 60.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.2 [9.2, 80.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.603 [0.430, 0.869] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
