Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري قاعية المعيشة; نطاق العمق 25 - 560 m (Ref. 11230). Deep-water
Northwest Pacific: Japan, Korea, and the Yellow and East China seas.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 52.7, range 39 - 63 cm
Max length : 150 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 559); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 3.5 kg (Ref. 124479)
Found in sandy mud bottom (Ref. 11230). A carnivore (Ref. 9137). Mainly feed on fish, euphausiids, sagittoids and shrimps (Ref. 53326). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Consumed as food, liver considered as delicacy in Japan (Ref. 47220).
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 5.6 - 20.9, mean 17.4 °C (based on 173 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00980 - 0.02036), b=3.00 (2.90 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (tm=6.2; Fec=310,000 (batch fecundity)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).