Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Irolita: From Irolita, a princess in love with prince Parcinus. The beauty of the princess was worthly the world´s admiration. Mythology.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 50 - 200 m (Ref. 6871). Temperate; 29°S - 36°S, 113°E - 136°E (Ref. 114953)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Indian Ocean: south-western Australia.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 46 - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6871)

Occur over soft bottoms of the continental shelf (Ref. 7300, 75154). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 5.1-7.6 cm long and 3.2-3.8 cm wide (Ref. 41308). Males reaches maturity at ca. 46 cm TL. Occassionally caught as bycatch and typically discarded (Ref. 114953).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : McEachran, John | Collaborators

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 May 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 15 - 18.5, mean 16.6 °C (based on 27 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00273 - 0.01106), b=3.10 (2.93 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).

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