Coregonus sardinella Valenciennes, 1848
Sardine cisco
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Coregonus sardinella AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
muatnaik fotos/gambar dan video
Gambar | imej Google
Coregonus sardinella
foto/gambar oleh Runfola, D.M.
Gambar | imej Google
foto/gambar oleh Runfola, D.M.
klasifikasi / Nama Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335); sardinella: sardinella meaning small sardine (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335); sardinella: sardinella meaning small sardine (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau pelagic-neritic; anadromus (ruaya dari laut ke air tawar) (Ref. 126106). Polar; 78°N - 62°N, 45°E - 95°W
Penyebaran Wilayah | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ekosistem | Kemunculan | peta titik | Introduksi | Faunafri
North America: Murchison River, Canada to Bristol Bay, Alaska; ascends Yukon River to British Columbia, and Mackenzie River to Fort Simpson (Ref. 5723). Asia: Bering Sea, Chukot land and Kolyma River to Kara River on the northern end of the Urals (Ref. 593). Lakes and lower course of large rivers of Arctic Ocean basin from Pechora drainage to eastern Siberia (Ref. 59043). Belongs to Coregonus artedi complex. Occasionally hybridizes with Coregonus nelsoni (Ref. 27547).
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 47.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5723); common length : 23.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 1998); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 555.00 g (Ref. 593); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 26 Tahun (Ref. 1998)
Max length : 47.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5723); common length : 23.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 1998); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 555.00 g (Ref. 593); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 26 Tahun (Ref. 1998)
deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 12 - 14; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 10 - 13; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 58 - 64. Body elongate, somewhat compressed laterally, greatest body depth at front of dorsal fin. Head about 19 - 24 % of total length; eyes large; snout length usually less than eye diameter; mouth moderate, terminal, lower jaw always protruding, maxillary at a distinct angle, extending posteriorly to below anterior half of the eye; a small cluster of teeth present on the tongue. Overall coloration silvery, usually brown to dark green on the back, becoming silvery on sides and below. The small non-anadromous form that remains in fresh water is without spotting on the back and only the pelvic fins have black pigment on the tips., the remaining fins are unpigmented. The larger, anadromous form has dark spots on the head, back, dorsal, and adipose fins, and sometimes, on the pectoral fins; all fins have usually dark pigment on the tips.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Adults occur in coastal waters, estuaries, large lakes and rivers (Ref. 5723). Lake-dwelling populations appear to be non-migratory, while those found in streams or brackish water move considerable distances to reach or leave spawning sites (Ref. 27547). Semi-anadromous populations forage in estuaries, lower courses of rivers, backwaters and lakes (Ref. 59043). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Feed on planktonic crustaceans and insects (Ref. 1998); also plant material (Ref. 27547) and fishes (Ref. 58426). Do not usually feed during its spawning run (Ref. 28219, 28860, 28861). Migratory forms are observed to live longer than fresh water forms (Ref. 1998). Spawn in deep pools on sand and gravel (Ref. 59043). Flesh is said to be tasty (Ref. 1998).
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Spawning occurs at night, peaking between 8 pm and midnight. A female spawns almost vertically upward, with her ventral side upstream. She is joined by as many as five males who swim vertically and close to her. As the spawners approach the surface, eggs and milt are released. The fish break the surface, fall over backward, and swim back to the bottom of the pool (Ref. 27547).
rujukan utama
Unggah referensi Anda | Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
CITES
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Laut di Sekitar Kita
informasi lanjut
Dinamika populasi
Parameter pertumbuhan
Maks. usia / ukuran
Panjang-berat rel.
Panjang-panjang rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Konversi massa
pemulihan
Kelimpahan
Parameter pertumbuhan
Maks. usia / ukuran
Panjang-berat rel.
Panjang-panjang rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Konversi massa
pemulihan
Kelimpahan
Siklus hidup
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Kedewasaan / insang rel.
Fekunditas
Pemijahan
Agregasi pemijahan
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Larva
Dinamika larva
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Kedewasaan / insang rel.
Fekunditas
Pemijahan
Agregasi pemijahan
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Larva
Dinamika larva
Anatomi
Area insang
Otak
Otolith
Area insang
Otak
Otolith
Fisiologi
Komposisi tubuh
Nutrisi
Konsumsi oksigen
Jenis renang
Kecepatan berenang
Pigmen visual
Suara ikan
Penyakit & Parasit
Toksisitas (LC50)
Komposisi tubuh
Nutrisi
Konsumsi oksigen
Jenis renang
Kecepatan berenang
Pigmen visual
Suara ikan
Penyakit & Parasit
Toksisitas (LC50)
Yang berhubungan dengan manusia
Sistem akuakultur
profil budidaya air
Strain
Kasus Ciguatera
Perangko, koin, dll.
Sistem akuakultur
profil budidaya air
Strain
Kasus Ciguatera
Perangko, koin, dll.
Alat, peralatan
E-book | Penuntun lapangan | tanda freqkuenci panjang | peringkat sejarah hidup | peta titik |
Tangkap-MSY |
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | semak peneliti ikan | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Marga, Jenis | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: pergi, Cari | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Catatan Zoologi
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Suhu yang disukai (Acuan 123201): -1.8 - 2.7, mean -0.8 °C (based on 1616 cells).
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00437 (0.00374 - 0.00510), b=3.21 (3.17 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278): 3.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.40; tm=2-4; tmax=11; Fec=2,500).
Prior r = 0.51, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.76, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Nutrisi (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 20.4 [9.1, 37.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.52 [0.25, 0.99] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.9, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.696 [0.272, 1.918] g/100g; Selenium = 11.1 [4.1, 30.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.92 [1.15, 41.73] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.521 [0.395, 0.737] mg/100g (wet weight);