分類 / Names
共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
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Esociformes (Pikes and mudminnows) >
Esocidae (Pikes)
Etymology: Esox: From Greek, isox and also related with the Celtic root, eog, ehawc = salmon (Ref. 45335); niger: niger meaning black (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Lesueur.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深さの範囲 / distribution range
生態学
; 新鮮な水 底生の; pH range: ? - 22.0; 移住性ではない; 深さの範囲 ? - 6 m (Ref. 39106). Temperate; 10°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 46°N - 25°N
North America: Nova Scotia, Canada (introduced) to southern Florida, USA; Gulf coast west to Sabine Lake drainage in Louisiana, USA; Mississippi River basin north to Kentucky and Missouri, USA. Introduced to Lakes Ontario and Erie drainages and elsewhere.
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm ?, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 99.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5723); common length : 41.9 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 12193); 最大公表体重: 4.3 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大記録サイズ: 9 年 (Ref. 12193)
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 17 - 21; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 11 - 13; 脊つい: 49 - 54. Body rather slender, somewhat compressed, deepest near middle. Head large, naked, and depressed above, profile slightly concave over snout; snout long, broad, and rounded; mouth large, nearly horizontal; lower jaw projecting; maxillary extending to, or slightly beyond anterior margin of pupil. Lateral teeth on lower jaw and vomer enlarged. Cheek and opercle fully scaled. Gill rakers on lateral and media surfaces of arches.
Pigmentation: Greenish above, sometimes very dark, venter pale; scales above with golden luster; laterally with light areas enclosed by dark chain-like markings; dark upper side interrupted by light vertical bars; suborbital bar almost vertical or with slight posterior slant; rays of dorsal, anal, pectorals, and pelvic fins with light interradial membranes, caudal fin base marbled with dark pigment, tips dusky; pupil of eye yellow.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Live in vegetated lakes, swamps, and backwaters and quiet pools of creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 26373). Also found in deep, cold water with little or no vegetation (Ref. 39109, 39108). Adults migrate to deeper water during winter (Ref. 39110, 39097, 39111) undertaking shoreward spawning migrations soon after spring ice disappears (Ref. 39109). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Juveniles tend to lie motionless near shore or burrow themselves in mud beneath debris (Ref. 39112). Larvae hide among vegetation (Ref. 39113). Oviparous, with pelagic eggs.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Crossman, E.J., 1996. Taxonomy and distribution. p. 1-11. In J.F. Craig (ed.) Pike biology and exploration. Chapman and Hall, London. 298 p. (Ref. 26373)
IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Human uses
水産業: 食糧水産; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (参照
82804): PD
50 = 0.5157 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00258 - 0.00888), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (参照
69278): 3.3 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
回復力 (参照
120179): 手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=1-4; tmax=9; Fec=936).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
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