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Percopsiformes (Trout-perches, pirate perches and cavefishes) >
Amblyopsidae (Cavefishes)
Etymology: Typhlichthys: Greek, typhlops = blind + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335); subterraneus: subterraneus meaning beneath the earth (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة القاع. Temperate; 39°N - 34°N
North America: portions of Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, Missouri and Arkansas, U.S.A.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 10294); common length : 5.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 12193); العمر: 4 سنين (Ref. 10294)
الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 7 - 10; أشعه شرجية لينه: 7 - 10; فقرات: 28 - 29. Pink-white. No eyes (vestigial eye tissues under skin). Large, broad head. Caudal fin with 0-2 rows of papillae (Ref. 5723) and a vertical basal row (Ref. 10294); 10-15 branched caudal rays (Ref. 5723).
Adults inhabit subterranean water (Ref. 5723). Found in caves which are near the water table and are therefore more uniform than other amblyopsid caves (Ref. 34868). Feed mainly on copepods, amphipods and isopods (Ref. 10294). Eggs are carried in gill chambers of females (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Incubates eggs in gill chamber of females (Ref. 205). Fecundity is very low, perhaps fewer that 50 ova per female (Ref. 10294).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير ذات اهمية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0088 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.43; tm=2; tmax=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
