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Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Centriscidae (Snipefishes and shrimpfishes) > Macroramphosinae
Etymology: Macroramphosus: Greek, makros = great + Greek, rhamphos = beak, bill (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; نطاق العمق 25 - 600 m (Ref. 9563), usually 50 - 350 m (Ref. 47377). Subtropical; 66°N - 43°S, 180°W - 180°E
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Maine to Argentina (Ref. 37039). Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. Indo-West Pacific. Mainly in temperate latitudes between 20° and 40°N. Presence in Somalia to be confirmed (Ref. 30573).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4508); common length : 12.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4508)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 6 - 8; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 11 - 13; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 18 - 20; فقرات: 24. Reddish pink in color, silvery below (Ref. 5382). Body compressed, without scales. Mouth is placed at the end of the long tubular snout (Ref. 35388). Snout length (6.1cm), length of second dorsal spine (LDS 3.9 cm) (Ref. 39875).
Found between the seabed and midwater on the lower continental shelf, over sand. Juveniles found in oceanic surface waters (Ref. 2683); adults normally live close to the bottom (normally in 50-350 m depth (Ref. 47377)). Gregarious. Juveniles feed mainly on pelagic invertebrates, mainly copepods, while adults feed on bottom invertebrates (Ref. 6732). Seems to be sympatric with Macroramphosus gracilis (Lowe, 1839) all around the world (Ref. 89357).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Ehrich, S., 1990. Macroramphosidae. p. 656-657. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4508)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; حوض مائي: احواض مائية عامة
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.5 - 22.7, mean 13.6 °C (based on 2092 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7502 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00668 - 0.01189), b=2.83 (2.75 - 2.91), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.36-0.46; tmax=6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 110 [58, 243] mg/100g; Iron = 1.23 [0.67, 2.37] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [16.5, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.456 [0.247, 0.880] g/100g; Selenium = 36.1 [17.7, 78.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.3 [3.0, 42.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.741 [0.499, 1.099] mg/100g (wet weight);
