分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Centrarchiformes (Basses) >
Centrarchidae (Sunfishes)
Etymology: Lepomis: Greek, lepis = scaled + Greek, poma = gill cover, operculum (Ref. 45335, 79012); macrochirus: macrochirus meaning large hand, probably referring to the body shape (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 15. 溫帶; 1°C - 36°C (Ref. 35682); 50°N - 25°N
North America: St. Lawrence - Great Lakes and Mississippi river basin; from Quebec to northern Mexico. Widely introduced. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
北美洲: 聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區與密西西比河流域; 從魁北克到墨西哥北部。 廣泛地引入。 貿易在德國限制 (Anl。3 BArtSchV). 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 19.1 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大体重: 2.2 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年龄: 10 年 (Ref. 72462)
A dark blue or black "ear" on an extension of the gill cover called the opercular flap; a prominent dark blotch at the base of the dorsal fin, close to the tail; typically olive-green backs, with a blue or purplish sheen along the sides; faint vertical bars may be present along the sides; breeding males may have more blue and orange coloration on their flanks (Ref. 44091).
在鳃盖的延长上的一个深蓝色或黑色 " 耳朵 " 被称为鳃盖; 在背鳍基底的一个突出的黑色斑块,接近尾部; 典型橄榄绿色的背面, 具有一个蓝色或者带紫色的光辉沿着侧边; 模糊的纵带可能是存在的沿着侧边; 繁殖期的雄性在他们的侧面上可能有更蓝色和更橘色的颜色。 (参考文献 44091)
Adults are found frequently in lakes, ponds, reservoirs and sluggish streams (Ref. 5723, 10294); occur primarily in reservoirs in Hawaii; preferably live in deep weed beds (Ref. 5723). Active mainly during dusk and dawn. They feed upon snails, small crayfish, insects, worms and small minnows (Ref. 5723). Young feed on crustaceans, insects and worms (Ref. 5723, 10294).
时常在湖，池塘, 水库与缓动性的溪流中发现; 主要地在夏威夷的水库出现; 可能地生活在深的杂草丛中。 主要地是活跃的在薄暮与破晓的时候。 成鱼吃蜗牛，小的小龙虾，昆虫，蠕虫与小的条鱼类。 幼鱼捕食甲壳动物，昆虫与蠕虫。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Males guard the eggs for about 7 days (Ref. 93240).北美洲: 聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區與密西西比河流域; 從魁北克到墨西哥北部。 廣泛地引入。 貿易在德國限制 (Anl。3 BArtSchV). 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.01200 - 0.01662), b=3.13 (3.09 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.19-0.23; tmax=11).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.9 [28.4, 111.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.02 [0.62, 1.78] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.4, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.397 [0.164, 1.023] g/100g; Selenium = 26 [10, 63] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.6 [6.4, 59.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.71, 1.62] mg/100g (wet weight);
