分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Nichols.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 30 - 200 m (Ref. 5951). 亞熱帶的; 45°N - 37°S
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Maine, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Argentina; apparently rare in the West Indies.
西大西洋: 美國緬因州與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷北部; 顯然稀有在西印度群島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 12.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 500.00 g (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数) : 8; 背的软条 (总数) : 32; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 28. Body elongate and slightly compressed; posterior edge of upper jaw reaching to below anterior margin of eye; eye large with a well developed adipose eyelid; shallow furrow on upper margin of shoulder girdle; body except for small part behind pectoral fin covered with small cycloid scales; body dark blue dorsally, silver-white ventrally; black blotch on posterior margin of opercle; tip of snout dusky; anterior margin and tip of first dorsal fin dusky, other parts pale; second dorsal fin pale; caudal fin dusky, pectoral and pelvic fins pale (Ref. 13608).
细长的身体与些微扁长形; 延伸到眼的前缘下面的上颌的后缘; 眼大的具有一个发展良好的脂眼睑; 在肩肢带骨的上缘上的浅沟; 身体除了被覆盖着小的圆形鳞片的小的部份在后胸鳍; 身体深蓝色背面, 腹面银白色的; 在鳃盖的后缘上的黑色的斑块; 吻尖暗色的; 前缘与第一背鳍的顶端暗色的, 其他部分灰白的; 第二背鳍鳍灰白的; 尾鳍暗色的, 胸鳍与腹鳍灰白的.(参考文献 13608)
Adults are benthopelagic over continental shelves (Ref. 5217). Rare in oceanic insular areas (Ref. 5217). Juveniles associate with the jellyfish Chrysaora lactea in Southwestern Atlantic. Preyed on by juvenile comb grouper (Mycteroperca acutirostris) when protection given by the jellyfish fails (Ref. 52493). Adults are found often in schools. They feed on small invertebrates. Marketed fresh locally and considered a good food fish (Ref. 9626). In southern Brazil, stocks are found in 147 m deep water (Ref. 47377).
海岸的大洋性与底栖的大陆棚之上.(参考文献 5217) 稀有的在大洋性的岛区域中.(参考文献 5217) 稚鱼在大西洋西南部与水母 Chrysaora lactea 聚集在一起。 被幼年的头梳被提供藉由水母的保护失败的鲈科鱼类 ( Mycteroperca acutirostris) 捕食了。 (参考文献 52493) 常形成鱼群。 吃小型无脊椎动物。 地方性地在市场上销售生鲜地而且被认为是一个好食用鱼。 (参考文献 9626) 在巴西南部发现于 147 公尺深。 (參考文獻 47377)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 美國緬因州與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷北部; 顯然稀有在西印度群島。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.5 - 27.1, mean 22.5 °C (based on 191 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00831 - 0.01048), b=2.96 (2.93 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.16; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.55, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.83, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 110 [48, 194] mg/100g; Iron = 1.94 [1.02, 3.58] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [19.1, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.201 [0.116, 0.339] g/100g; Selenium = 16.6 [8.3, 34.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 63.7 [15.9, 264.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.65 [1.07, 2.55] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
