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> Perciformes/Zoarcoidei (Eelpouts and pricklebacks) > Pholidae (Gunnels) > Pholinae
Etymology: Pholis: Greek, pholis, -idos = scale (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Girard.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien demersaal; diepte 0 - 50 m (Ref. 56557). Temperate; 55°N - 36°N, 129°E - 122°W

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Eastern Pacific: southern British Columbia to central California, USA. Authors giving range up to northwestern Pacific classify Pholis nea Peden & Hughes, 1984 as a synonym of Pholis ornata.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 2850)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 74 - 79; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 0; Anale stekels: 2; Anale zachte stralen: 35 - 38. Caudal rounded. Pelvic fins minute.

Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); Found in inshore areas, on mud bottoms among eelgrass and seaweed (Ref. 2850). Feeds on small mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 2850). Both male and female guard egg mass (Ref. 2850).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Oviparous (Ref. 101786). Adhesive eggs attached to a nest substrate are brooded by both parents (Ref. 101786).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 8.9 - 12.5, mean 10.4 °C (based on 42 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00162 (0.00068 - 0.00388), b=3.19 (2.99 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

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Pholis ornata (Girard, 1854)