Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 10 - 120 m (Ref. 92840). Subtropical
Western Central Atlantic: southern Florida, USA and the entire Gulf of Mexico.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 92840)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 8; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 12 - 14; Afterflossenstacheln: 1; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 11 - 14. Distinguished by the following characteristics: laterally compressed head and body; large mouth and very oblique; completely scaled body with ctenoid scales; first dorsal with VII spines; pelvic fins fused forming a disc; caudal fin lanceolate (Ref. 92840).
Inhabits muddy bottoms at depths ranging from 10-120 meters (Ref. 92840).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
Download XML
Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.3 - 27.5, mean 24.7 °C (based on 172 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00333 - 0.01504), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
