Environment: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / distribution range
Ecologie
marien demersaal. Subtropical; 9°S - 37°S
Southwest Atlantic: southern Brazil to southern Argentina.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. ); common length : 40.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 6077)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 5 - 6; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 33; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 33 - 41; Wervels: 27. First dorsal fin composed of several short spines preceded by an anteriorly directed spine usually completely embedded under skin. Two detached anal spines anterior to soft anal fin. Lateral line curved and undulated, with more or less 10 branches anteriorly and fairly straight posteriorly (Ref. 27363). A black patch on the opercle is a conspicuous character of this species, thus the name signata (Ref. 3157).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Maximum length assumed to be 1.5 * 40 = 60 cm TL (RF).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang
Tools
Speciale rapporten
Download XML
Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.3 - 22, mean 19.3 °C (based on 75 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00464 - 0.02154), b=2.94 (2.76 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Assuming tm>=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 82.5 [51.3, 199.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.55 [0.91, 3.06] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.7, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.37 [0.24, 0.61] g/100g; Selenium = 32.6 [17.9, 64.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.1 [3.9, 34.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.637 [0.443, 0.914] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
