Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batidemersal; kisaran kedalaman 124 - 769 m (Ref. 27437). Deep-water; 49°N - 27°N, 126°W - 114°W
Eastern Pacific: Washington, USA to central Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm 35.0, range 30 - 36 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 40637); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 3.5 kg (Ref. 40637); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 90 Tahun (Ref. 52679)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 13; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 12 - 15; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 6 - 8; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 26. Head spines strong - nasal, preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, parietal and nuchal spines present, coronals absent (Ref. 27437). Body dark red, skin above upper jaw, inside of mouth and rear edge of gill cover black (Ref. 27437). Branchiostegal rays: 7 (Ref. 36715).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Found on soft bottom in deep water, but young in shallower areas (Ref. 2850). Juveniles are pelagic (Ref. 36715). Viviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 36715).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bycatch; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 6.7 - 9.9, mean 7.8 °C (based on 14 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00495 - 0.02022), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 3.8 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sangat rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum lebih dari 14 tahun (tmax=90; tm=20; K=0.04-0.06).
Prior r = 0.20, 95% CL = 0.13 - 0.30, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
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