Environment: milieu / climate zone / गहराई सीमा / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 0 - 695 m (Ref. 57178), usually 60 - 150 m (Ref. 56557). Temperate; -2°C - 10°C (Ref. 56557); 84°N - 42°N, 162°W - 43°W (Ref. 57302)
Northwest Atlantic: western Greenland and Labrador in Canada to Cape Cod in Massachusetts, USA.
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
परिपक्व अवधि: Lm 10.4, range 10 - 10.9 cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 56591); common length : 14.2 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 56591)
Occurs primarily in the lower sections of the shelf all year (depths of 80-200 m) (Ref. 41410). Inhabits sand and mud bottoms, with temperature range of -1.07 to 2.52°C (Ref. 5951). Feeds on crustaceans and bottom fauna (Ref. 58426).
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | Fecundity | लार्वा
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (संदर्भ
123201): 0.5 - 7.6, mean 4.8 °C (based on 301 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (संदर्भ
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00288 (0.00122 - 0.00683), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (संदर्भ
69278): 3.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
लौटाव (संदर्भ
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
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