分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes)
舌鰨科 (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); atricauda: atricauda meaning black tail (Ref. 4930).
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 2 - 201 m (Ref. 2850), usually 30 - 80 m (Ref. 9294). 亞熱帶的; 46°N -
Eastern Central Pacific: California, USA to the Gulf of California.
中太平洋東部: 美國加州到加州灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2850); common length : 13.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9294)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 94 - 102; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 77 - 83; 脊椎骨: 50 - 53.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Found on mud or sandy-mud bottom (Ref. 2850). Feeds on small fishes (Ref. 37955) and invertebrates (Ref. 9294).
棲息於泥或沙泥底了。 (參考文獻 2850) 吃小魚 (參考文獻 37955) 與無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 9294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
中太平洋東部: 美國加州到加州灣。
Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider, 1995. Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 October 2020
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 11.6 - 23.4, mean 16.5 °C (based on 57 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00507 - 0.02267), b=3.11 (2.92 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.4 ±0.48 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
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