Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 20 - 260 m (Ref. 12260). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Andaman and South China seas south to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819) and northern Australia.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 2117); common length : 25.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 2117)
Body elongate, cylindrical. Back and upper sides brown, lower sides and belly white. Nine to 10 faint blotches along the lateral line, sometimes with traces of very indistinct cross-bars on the back. Upper edges of pectoral and caudal fins occasionally with faint black dots. The upper portion of the inner side of the pectoral fins dark.
Inhabits muddy bottoms of the continental shelf down to about 60 m. Feeds on small bottom-dwelling invertebrates and fishes.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve
Rau, N. and A. Rau, 1980. Commercial marine fishes of the Central Philippines (bony fish). German Agency for Technical Cooperation, Germany. 623 pp. (Ref. 393)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.4 - 28.2, mean 26.2 °C (based on 810 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00345 - 0.00763), b=3.10 (2.98 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (K=0.40-0.88).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).