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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Lithognathus: Greek, lithos = stone + Greek, gnathos = jaw (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau bentopelagis; amphidromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman ? - 150 m (Ref. 27121). Subtropical; 22°S - 31°S
Southeast Atlantic: known only from the Orange River mouth to Natal, South Africa.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 54.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3198); common length : 65.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3507)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 11; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 10; Duri dubur 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8. Silvery in color, crossbars fade with age.
Found over sandy substrate, in estuaries and oceanic waters. Enters lagoons (Ref. 3198). Feeds bottom invertebrates, including worms, crabs and shrimp (Ref. 27121). Spawns in the sea but uses estuaries as nursery grounds. Prime angling fish. Important food fish. Sold fresh and whole in markets.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith, 1984. Sparidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3507)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
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