Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; آب شيرين; لب شور نزديك كف زي; دريا كوچ (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 10 - ? m. Tropical; 25°N - 6°N
Indian Ocean: found along the coasts of Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka and Andaman Islands.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm 9.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.5 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 108711); common length : 15.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2830); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 97.66 g (Ref. 127364)
Found in shallow coastal waters, estuaries, lagoons, and sometimes entering tidal rivers. Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549). Feed on small algae, diatoms, and other organic matter. Spawn at sea. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Sold fresh in markets; the roe is highly valued.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Thomson, J.M., 1984. Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 3. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2830)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; آبزي پروري: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00745 - 0.01940), b=2.93 (2.80 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (مرجع
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.3-1.1;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 170 [46, 891] mg/100g; Iron = 0.987 [0.517, 1.775] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.8, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.508 [0.214, 1.226] g/100g; Selenium = 13.6 [5.9, 33.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.2 [6.6, 74.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.43 [0.90, 2.22] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
