Meio ambiente: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / faixa de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina demersal; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 40 m (Ref. 31184), usually 2 - 20 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 72°N - 49°N, 11°W - 52°E
Northeast Atlantic: White Sea, Cheshskaya Guba and Murmansk coast (Barents Sea) southward to English Channel (River Somme); eastern coasts of Scotland, England, also Irish Sea; the Orkneys, Shetlands and in shallow waters of North Sea and Baltic.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 17.0, range 16 - 18 cm
Max length : 52.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 4695); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 4695); peso máx. publicado: 510.00 g (Ref. 6397); idade máx. registrada: 10 anos (Ref. 35388)
Bones are green due to harmless pigment. Skin slimy and variable color (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Inhabits rocky shores under stones, among algae and in tide pools, between tide marks down to 40 m. May remain out of water under rocks or seaweeds (Ref. 31184). Feeds on gastropods, chironomids, crustaceans, eggs and fry of fishes. Gives birth to live young (Ref. 9900). Bones colored green by the harmless pigment Vivianit (Ref. 4645). Breathes air when out of water (Ref. 31184). Mating takes place in August - September with internal fertilization of the eggs. Female give birth to 30-400 developed young (35-55mm) (Ref. 35388).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Fertilization occurs in August-September. Egg development lasts for one month. Total bearing time is five months (Ref. 6397).
Andriashev, A.P., 1986. Zoarcidae. p. 1130-1150. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 3. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4695)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: pouco comercial; Aquário: Aquários públicos
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Temperatura preferida (Ref.
123201): 7.3 - 11.3, mean 9.4 °C (based on 310 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00316 (0.00188 - 0.00531), b=3.13 (2.97 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (tm=2; tmax=10; Fec=30; K=0.19-0.4).
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
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Vulnerabilidade climática (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
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Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.7 [20.6, 67.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.3 [0.2, 0.5] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.0, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.361 [0.203, 0.613] g/100g; Selenium = 11.6 [5.6, 22.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.1 [5.2, 39.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.711 [0.513, 0.993] mg/100g (wet weight);