分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Clariidae (Airbreathing catfishes)
Etymology: Clarias: Greek, chlaros = lively, in reference to the ability of the fish to live for a long time out of water.
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - ? m (Ref. 9987). 熱帶; 34°N - 4°N
Asia: Thailand to Viet Nam. Introduced to China, Malaysia, Guam and the Philippines.
亞洲: 泰國到越南。 引進了中國，馬來西亞，關島與菲律賓。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 19 - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9987); 最大体重: 45.0 kg (Ref. 9987)
背棘 (总数): 0. Distinguished from Southeast Asian congeners by an extremely short and rounded occipital process and by a very high dorsal fin. The combination of these characters are diagnostic for the species (Ref. 33566). Occipital process wide, broadly curved, with length 3-5 times in its width; distance between dorsal and occipital process 5-7 times in distance from tip of snout to end of occipital process (Ref. 43281).
与一个非常短与圆形的后头骨的突起与一个很高背鳍的东南亚同类区分了。 这些特徵的组合是此鱼种的鉴别特徵。 (参考文献 33566) 后头骨突起宽的, 宽广地弯曲, 藉由长度 3-5 倍它的宽度; 距离的背部而后头骨的突起 5-7 倍从吻尖到后头骨突起的末端之间的距离.(参考文献 43281)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Lives in lowland wetlands and rivers (Ref. 57235). Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549). Occurs in shallow, open water and is capable of lying buried in mud for lengthy period if ponds and lakes evaporate during dry seasons (Ref. 9987). Can move out of the water using its extended fins (Ref. 9987). Found in medium to large-sized rivers, stagnant water bodies including sluggish flowing canals and flooded fields of the Mekong (Ref. 12975). Spawns in small streams (Ref. 9987). Feeds on aquatic insects, young shrimps and small fishes (Ref. 6459). In Thailand, it was thought wrongly as female of Clarias batrachus (Ref 2686). Important foodfish and in pond cultures (Ref. 57235). Marketed live, fresh and frozen; consumed fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). Cultivated on a small scale but attempts to farm it are increasing (Ref. 9987).
生活在低地的洼地与河。 (参考文献 57235) 出现于浅滩, 开放水域而且能够泥中埋藏自己冗长的时期如果池塘与湖在干季的时候蒸发.(参考文献 9987) 能移出使用它的扩大鳍的水。 (参考文献 9987) 发现于包括湄公河的滞流管与被水淹没的田野的中到大型的河，污浊的水体了。 (参考文献 12975) 产卵在小的溪流。 (参考文献 9987) 吃水生昆虫，幼鱼虾与小鱼。 (参考文献 6459) 在泰国与寮国，这一个鱼一般认为比较好与比 Clarias batrachus 更有營養; 罕見在寮國但是常見於泰國; 錯誤地在泰國 (參考文獻 2686) 認為如 Clarias batrachus 的母魚。 重要的食用魚與在池塘養殖.(參考文獻 57235) 活魚銷售了, 生鮮和冷凍; 消費油炸, 火烤而且燒烤。 (參考文獻 9987) 小規模的養殖了，但是嚐試的養殖正在增加。 (參考文獻 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are attached to the roots of plants. Male takes charge of these eggs until they are hatched out.亞洲: 泰國到越南。 引進了中國，馬來西亞，關島與菲律賓。
Teugels, G.G., R.C. Diego, L. Pouyaud and M. Legendre, 1999. Redescription of Clarias macrocephalus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) from South-East Asia. Cybium 23(3):285-295. (Ref. 33566)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00434 - 0.01593), b=2.98 (2.82 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.58 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Assuming tm=1; Fec=800-14,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.9 [7.6, 71.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.76 [0.42, 1.38] mg/100g; Protein = 16.4 [15.4, 17.5] %; Omega3 = 0.114 [0.052, 0.270] g/100g; Selenium = 111 [45, 288] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.1 [5.4, 48.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.565 [0.400, 0.811] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
