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Salmoniformes (Salmons) >
Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Bernhard Wartmann (1739–1815) was a Swiss physician and naturalist. He qualified as a physician at Montpellier and was a town councillor and public health doctor at St Gallen (1789). He described this species (1777) but did not use a Linnaean name. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / Mức độ sâu / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Nước ngọt Tầng nổi; không di cư; Mức độ sâu 0 - ? m (Ref. 13813), usually 0 - 60 m (Ref. 13813). Temperate; 4°C - 15°C (Ref. 47057); 48°N - 47°N, 9°E - 10°E
Europe: Lake Constance (Switzerland, Germany and Austria).
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Chín muồi sinh dục: Lm 32.5, range 30 - 35 cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 27368)
Lacustrine, pelagic, usually at 0-40 m during summer. Feeds on plankton and insects; preys on juvenile Perca fluviatilis in summer. Spawns at surface over deep water, off-shore. Spawns for the first time at 2-3 years and in first half of December, when temperature falls below 7˚C. Males aggregate at surface and females ready to spawn come from deeper water to join these aggregations. Eggs sink to bottom and hatch in March. Larvae swim to surface and start to feed after 8 days (Ref. 59043). Also Ref. 13813, 47057.
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Kottelat, M., 1997. European freshwater fishes. An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation. Biologia, Bratislava, 52/Suppl. 5:1-271. (Ref. 13696)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Tài liệu tham khảo
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00194 - 0.01077), b=3.13 (2.92 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Tài liệu tham khảo
69278): 3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Tài liệu tham khảo
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (tm=2-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
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