分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - ? m (Ref. 4833). 熱帶; 22°C - 30°C (Ref. 1672); 28°N - 10°S
Asia: India to Wallace line including China. May have been distributed in more areas than were commonly reported.
亞洲: 印度到華萊士線包括中國。 可能是分佈於更多的區域超過通常被報告。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4833); common length : 12.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2686)
背棘 (总数): 16 - 20; 背的软条 (总数): 7-10; 臀棘 9-11; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 11. Color in life dark to pale greenish, very pale below, back dusky to olive; head with longitudinal stripes ventrally; posterior margin of opercle with a dark spot; iris golden reddish. Body form variable, affected by age and amount of food consumed. Scaled head with 4-5 rows between eye and rear margin of preoperculum. Scales large and regularly arranged, ciliate.
颜色活着时黑的到灰白的呈绿色的，非常腹面灰白的, 背面暗色的到橄榄色; 腹地头部有纵向的斑纹; 后缘鳃盖有一个深色斑点; 虹膜金的淡红。 体型可变的, 藉着年龄与被消费的食物的数量影响。 有鳞的头部有在眼与前鳃盖骨的后面边缘之间的 4-5 列。 鳞片大的而且规则排列的, 纤毛虫。
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Found mostly in canals, lakes, ponds, swamps and estuaries (Ref. 41236, 57235). Adults occur in medium to large rivers, brooks, flooded fields and stagnant water bodies including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975). Often found in areas with dense vegetation (Ref. 12693). Can tolerate extremely unfavorable water conditions and is associated mainly with turbid, stagnant waters (Ref. 6028). They remain buried under the mud during dry season (Ref. 1479). Feed on macrophytic vegetation, shrimps and fish fry (Ref. 6028). Reported to undertake lateral migration from the Mekong mainstream, or other permanent water bodies, to flooded areas during the flood season and return to the permanent water bodies at the onset of the dry season (Ref. 37770). During the dry season, they stay in pools associated with submerged woods and shrubs (Ref. 37770). Posses an accessory air-breathing organ (Ref. 2847). Able to survive for several days or weeks out of water if the air breathing organs can be kept moist (Ref. 1479). Quite famous for its ability to walk; important food fish in SE Asia, considered as a tasty food fish (Ref. 6565) but not of the finest quality since it is bony (Ref. 2686). Usually sold live in markets where it is kept alive for several days by keeping it moist (Ref. 12693). Economic foodfish in the Southeast Asia (Ref. 57235).
大部分发现于管，湖，池塘，沼泽与河口了。 (参考文献 41236,57235) 出现于包括滞流的管的中型到大型河川，小溪，被水淹没的田野与污浊的水体。 (参考文献 12975) 时常发现于区域满布植物的.(参考文献 12693) 能容忍非常不宜的水环境而且主要地被混浊又污浊的水域联合。 (参考文献 6028) 残余物在干季的时候埋藏在泥下面了。 (参考文献 1479) 吃大型植物，虾与鱼苗。 (参考文献 6028) 报告在洪水季节的时候进行对洪泛区的横向迁移从湄公河主流, 或其他的永久性水体而且回到永久性水體在乾季的開始.(參考文獻 37770) 在乾季的時候，它停留在伴隨著水下的森林與矮樹的水池中。 (參考文獻 37770) 持有一個附屬的呼吸空氣的器官。 (參考文獻 2847) 能存活長達好幾天或好幾星期離開水面如果空氣呼吸器官能保持潮溼.(參考文獻 1479) 魚出名的能夠步行; 在東南亞的重要食用魚, 被認為是一個好吃的食用魚 (參考文獻 6565)了，但是不最好的品質，由於它是多骨的。 (參考文獻 2686) 通常活體販賣在市場中在那裡它被保持存活長達好幾天藉由保持它潮溼.(參考文獻 12693) 在東南亞的經濟食用魚.(參考文獻 57235)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Guards eggs at the surface of hypoxic waters (Ref. 7471).亞洲: 印度到華萊士線包括中國。 可能是分佈於更多的區域超過通常被報告。
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02344 (0.01723 - 0.03189), b=2.95 (2.86 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 0.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Assuming tm=1; K=1.4; Fec=40,000-80,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76.8 [41.1, 193.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.19 [0.69, 2.09] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [16.8, 18.9] %; Omega3 = 0.252 [0.115, 0.556] g/100g; Selenium = 85.1 [35.7, 194.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43.8 [20.5, 94.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.958 [0.599, 1.533] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
