Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batidemersal; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 825 m (Ref. 6793), usually 165 - 293 m (Ref. 27437). Deep-water; 64°N - 24°N, 143°E - 110°W (Ref. 54884)
North Pacific: Honshu, Japan to Cape Navarin in the Bering Sea (but not in the Sea of Okhotsk) and La Jolla, California, and along the Aleutians from Stalemate Bank and Bowers Bank to the Alaska Peninsula. Stocks have suffered severe population decline due to overfishing (Ref. 27437).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm 33.2, range 25 - 43.3 cm
Max length : 53.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 56527); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 2.1 kg (Ref. 56527); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 103 Tahun (Ref. 93933)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 13; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 14 - 17; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 6 - 9; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 26. Head spines weak - nasal, preocular, supraocular (may be absent), postocular, tympanic, parietal, and nuchal (may be absent) spines present, coronal spine absent (Ref. 27437). Long lower jaw with prominent forward directed symphyseal knob (Ref. 27437). Posterior margin of caudal indented (Ref. 6885). Bright to light red, usually with dark markings dorsally, may have some dark stippling on sides and dark blotch on caudal peduncle (Ref. 27437).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Abundant in offshore waters (Ref. 2850). Young pelagic up to age 3 (Ref. 6885). Grows slowly (Ref. 2850). Viviparous (Ref. 34817). Very important commercial rockfish in the North Pacific (Ref. 2850, 27437). Marketed as fillets (Ref. 2850). Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Produces young in small numbers, only about 300,000 when the fish is 20 years old.
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 1.1 - 6.4, mean 3.8 °C (based on 124 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00775 - 0.01123), b=3.09 (3.05 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 8.3 (7.8 - 10.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 33
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sangat rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum lebih dari 14 tahun (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref.
36717); tmax=103; tm=7; K=0.1; Fec=31,000).
Prior r = 0.20, 95% CL = 0.13 - 0.29, Based on 8 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.4 [6.4, 61.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.305 [0.125, 0.808] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [16.0, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.7 [0.3, 1.8] g/100g; Selenium = 44.5 [15.6, 134.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.3 [3.9, 72.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.3 [0.2, 0.6] mg/100g (wet weight);
