Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 20 m (Ref. 9770). Tropical; 30°N - 32°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to East Africa through Indonesia and northern Australia up to Hawaii and Pitcairn islands; north to southern Japan.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 30573)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 3; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 22-25; Duri dubur 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 20 - 22. Body orange-brown above; head and belly white; soft dorsal, anal and pectoral fins pale; caudal fin dusky (Ref. 4420).
Occur in shallow outer reefs subject to surge (Ref. 9770, 48637). Commonly found over barren rock or the spur-and-groove zone where there is a mixture of bare rock, rubble, and coral. Juveniles on algae reef (Ref. 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on algae, detritus, mollusks, crustaceans, worms, echinoderms, fishes, sponges, foraminiferans, and eggs. Territorial. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Also taken by drive-in nets (Ref. 9770). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Matsuura, K., 2001. Balistidae. Triggerfishes. p. 3911-3928. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9770)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
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