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Mulliformes (Goatfishes) >
Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Parupeneus: Latin, parum, parvum = small + Peneus, the name of a river.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 1 - 100 m (Ref. 43239). Tropical; 30°N - 25°S
Western Pacific: Moluccas and Philippines to western Samoa, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia and Tonga; Palau, Caroline and Marshall Islands in Micronesia. Recorded from Shark Bay, Western Australia (Ref. 115274).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9710); common length : 20.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 48636)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 8; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 9; Anale stekels: 1; Anale zachte stralen: 7. Diagnosis: Pectoral rays 15-16 (usually 15). Gill rakers 6-8 + 20-25 (total 28-32). Body moderately elongate, depth 3.2-3.5 in SL; head length 2.75-3.15 in SL; snout length 1.8-2.0 in HL; barbel length 1.3-1.5 in HL; head and anterior half of body reddish black, posterior half white and yellow with a black spot nearly as large as eye on upper side below rear base of second dorsal fin, followed by small blue spots; a white band from front of snout passing above eye along dorsal part of body, and a second nearly parallel one from corner of mouth to above pectoral fin; caudal fin pale yellow with a broad, dusky lower margin, and often with a small red spot at midbase; barbels red (Ref. 54393).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults solitary, juveniles in schools (Ref. 90102). Usually found in the vicinity of coral reefs in protected waters such as bays or lagoons or in deeper outer-reef areas to at least 40 meters (Ref. 54393). Inhabits mixed sand, rubble, and seaweed covered bottoms near coral reefs. Carnivorous, feeds mainly on worms, crustaceans, brittle stars, and small mollusks and heart urchins.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Randall, J.E., 2004. Revision of the goatfish genus Parupeneus (Perciformes: Mullidae), with descriptions of two new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (36):64 p. (Ref. 54393)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 28.9, mean 27.6 °C (based on 732 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00792 - 0.02405), b=3.13 (2.98 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.8 [18.5, 82.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.322 [0.164, 0.711] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [14.4, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.133 [0.075, 0.241] g/100g; Selenium = 57.6 [27.7, 136.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 200 [40, 841] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.562 [0.338, 1.065] mg/100g (wet weight);
