分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Aulopiformes (Grinners)
仙女魚目 (Grinners) >
Anotopteridae (Daggertooth)
法老魚科 (Daggertooth)
Etymology: Anotopterus: Greek, a = without + Greek, noton = back + Greek, pteron = fin (Ref. 45335); nikparini: Named for Nikolai V. Parin..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海區的; 深度上下限 0 - 2750 m (Ref. 31260), usually 0 - 700 m (Ref. 31260). 溫帶
North Pacific: Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska; south in Pacific waters to about 25°N, south of Baja California and Japan.
北太平洋: 白令海與阿拉斯加灣; 南方在太平洋的水域到大約 25 ° N ，下加利福尼亞南方與日本。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 146 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6885); 最大體重: 1.7 kg (Ref. 6885)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 14 - 17; 脊椎骨: 78 - 80. Dark brownish, silvery ventrally; paired fins and caudal fin uniformly black. Body extremely elongate. Large adults with a pair of dermal keels midlaterally on each side. Small, flexible projection at tip of lower jaw. Gill membranes joined forward, below anterior edge of eye, and free from isthmus. No rayed dorsal fin. No scales (Ref. 43939). In adults, head depth 29-33% of lower jaw length. Postorbital area 8.1-9.7% SL or 34.4-38.8% (less than 3 times smaller than HL). Rear edge of gill cover overlaps with the vertical of the 5th vertebrae. Postadipose distance 7-8% SL (Ref. 31260).
深褐色的, 銀色的腹地; 偶鰭與尾鰭均勻黑色。 身體非常地延長。 在兩邊上側面中央地大的成魚有一對表皮的龍骨脊。 在下頜的頂端的小又柔韌有彈性的突出。 向前地被參加的鰓膜 , 眼的前緣下方, 而且與峽部分離。 沒有有鰭條的背鰭。 沒有鱗片.(參考文獻 43939) 當成魚時, 頭部深度 29-33% 的下頜長度。 眼眶後的區域 8.1-9.7% SL 或 34.4-38.8%.(少於 3 倍於 HL) 鰓蓋的後緣與第 5個脊椎骨的垂直者部分重疊。 Postadipose 距離 7-8% SL.(參考文獻 31260)
Found in a wide range of depths, sometimes near surface (Ref. 2850) to below 2,000 m. Larger adults inhabit colder water toward the poles, whereas, the young and smaller adults inhabit more temperate regions (Ref. 35956). Feed on mollusks, crustaceans, marine worms, coelenterates, salps, and fishes (Ref. 4525, 6885). Its distensible body wall and large stomach can accommodate prey up to half of its own length. Oviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 35956). Preyed upon by albacore, Pacific lancetfish, halibut, steelhead salmon, blue shark, pomfret, and whales (Ref. 6885).
發現於寬範圍的深度了, 有時近表面的 (參考文獻 2850) 到在 2,000 公尺之下。 較大的成魚居住於流向北極的寒冷水域, 然而, 棲息於較溫暖的區域幼魚與較小的成魚.(參考文獻 35956) 捕食軟體動物，甲殼動物，海洋蠕蟲，腔腸動物，被囊動物與魚。 (參考文獻 4525,6885) 它的擴大體表與大的腹部能方便狩獵達到一半的它自己的長度。 卵生的, 仔魚為浮游性.(參考文獻 35956) 被巴鰹魚，太平洋柳葉魚，大比目魚，鮭鮭魚，藍色鯊魚，烏魴與鯨捕食了。 (參考文獻 6885)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 35956).北太平洋: 白令海與阿拉斯加灣; 南方在太平洋的水域到大約 25 ° N ，下加利福尼亞南方與日本。
Kukuev, E.I., 1998. Systematics and distribution in the world ocean of daggertooth fishes of the genus Anotopterus (Anotopteridae, Aulopiformes). J. Ichthyol. 38(9):716-729. (Ref. 31260)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.4 - 15.3, mean 5.7 °C (based on 3019 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
