分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.0 - 7.7; dH range: 10 - 15; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 溫帶; ? - 18°C (Ref. 13371); 67°N - 39°N, 6°W - 59°E
Eurasia: Europe north of Caucasus, Pyrénées and Alps, from Loire and Rhone drainages eastward; British Isles ( except northern Scotland), southern Sweden and Finland (northward to about 66°N); northeastern Italy; Danube and Vardar drainages (Ref. 59043); Asia to China (Ref. 6111).
歐亞大陸: 廣泛地從愛爾蘭 (在那裡它被引入) 分佈了越過歐洲 (除了義大利人與伊伯利亞半島) 與亞洲到中國。 可能與 托氏條鰍〔Nemacheilus toni〕 同種, 西伯利亞石頭泥鰍它的分佈範圍從西伯利亞到日本.(參考文獻 4537)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1441); common length : 12.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5504); 最大体重: 200.00 g (Ref. 5504); 最大年龄: 7 年 (Ref. 6111)
背棘 (总数) : 3; 背的软条 (总数) : 6 - 8; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 5 - 6. Distinguished from its congeners in Europe by the following combination of characters: caudal fin usually slightly emarginate (truncate in a few populations); pelvic origin beneath dorsal origin or under branched dorsal rays 1-2; caudal peduncle depth 1.4-2.2 (usually 1.6-2.0) times in its length, 1.2-1.8 times in body depth; often lacking dark blotches along back between nape and dorsal (Ref. 59043).
Body elongated, anteriorly somewhat depressed, posteriorly laterally compressed. Three pairs of mouth barbels. No erectile spine below eye. Posterior margin of caudal fin slightly notched. Caudal fin with 15-17 rays (Ref. 2196).
身体延长, 前面地略微扁平的, 在后部侧扁。 三对嘴触须。 在眼之下的没有直立的硬棘。 尾鳍后缘微凹。 尾鳍有 15-17个鳍条。 (参考文献 2196)
Facultative or obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Usually found in flowing stretches of streams and medium-sized rivers with gravel to stone bottom, but also in a variety of other habitats, including sandy canals and lake shores. Larvae are benthic. Larvae and small juveniles prefer sand bottom and slow current, shifting to gravel bottom and fast current when growing. Adults prey on relatively large benthic invertebrates such as gammarids, chironomids, insect larvae. They breed on gravel, sand or among aquatic vegetation. Tolerate moderate organic pollution and stream canalization and very sensitive to pollution by heavy metals (Ref. 59043). Sensitive to pollution and low oxygen levels, therefore, its presence in a river can be taken as an indication of good water quality (Ref. 6111).
栖息于浅滩,快速的流动小溪有砾石的底部; 也在清澈湖的水浅区域中.(参考文献 556) 吃小型甲壳动物，昆虫幼生与底栖的无脊椎动物。 在被脱落在石头与水中植物之中的它的无光泽且白色卵的一些个别的产卵中,繁殖于四月-六月。 对污染与低溶氧量敏感,因此, 在一条河的它的出现能被作为一个好水质的指证。 (参考文献 6111)
Spawns once a year for several years in low productivity streams, but exhibits multiple spawning within a season in high productivity environments (Ref. 40290, 40756). Releases eggs in open open water, often close to surface. Eggs drift and adhere to different substrates and are often covered by sand or detritus. Individual females may spawn daily for a short period (Ref. 59043).歐亞大陸: 廣泛地從愛爾蘭 (在那裡它被引入) 分佈了越過歐洲 (除了義大利人與伊伯利亞半島) 與亞洲到中國。 可能與 托氏條鰍〔Nemacheilus toni〕 同種, 西伯利亞石頭泥鰍它的分佈範圍從西伯利亞到日本.(參考文獻 4537)
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00386 - 0.02592), b=3.04 (2.82 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
