Environment: milieu / climate zone / rango de profundidad / distribution range
Ecología
marino asociado a arrecife; anfidromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad ? - 700 m (Ref. 100719), usually 20 - 60 m (Ref. 54876). Tropical; 30°N - 35°S, 32°E - 155°E
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa (except Kenya), including Madagascar to the Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea (Ref. 9819), and further east to southeast Asia and Australia. Does not appear to occur in the central or eastern Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age
Madurez: Lm 28.6, range 19 - 35 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm FL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 1287); edad máxima reportada: 7 años (Ref. 1287)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 11 - 13; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 10 - 11. Body is cigar-shaped, rounded or slightly compressed; the head pointed and depressed; the snout broader than long. Color is generally brown above and silver below; the back with faint cross bands. The tips of the dorsal and pectorals and the lower caudal lobe blackish.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
Found on muddy bottoms (Ref. 30573) and trawling grounds (Ref. 58652). Adults feed on fishes, crustaceans, and squids (Ref. 30573). Sold fresh.
Cressey, R.F. and R.S. Waples, 1984. Synodontidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3520)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: comercial
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Referencia
123201): 18.4 - 29.1, mean 27.9 °C (based on 2178 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Referencia
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00451 - 0.00611), b=3.12 (3.08 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia
69278): 4.4 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.7 (2.0 - 6.9) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 34
growth studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia
120179): Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (K=0.08-0.44; tmax=7; Fec=91,389).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 28.4 [9.9, 60.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.402 [0.142, 0.934] mg/100g; Protein = 15.3 [12.8, 17.7] %; Omega3 = 0.0709 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 59.9 [23.1, 129.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 84.7 [22.2, 290.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.71 [0.41, 1.07] mg/100g (wet weight);
