Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 0 - 55 m (Ref. 26165), usually 5 - 35 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 35°N - 36°S, 24°E - 169°W
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and Natal, South Africa to Niue (Ref. 37816), north to Japan, south to Australia. Recorded from Europa Island (MNHN 1992-0508).
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 9710); 7.0 cm TL (female)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 10; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 15 - 17; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 6 - 7. Color patterns vary from one locality to another.
Adults are found above coral outcrops or patch reefs of clear lagoons, channels, or outer reef slopes. Form large aggregations. Feed on zooplankton (Ref. 6113). A protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 55367). Males are territorial and haremic (Ref. 9710). Color patterns and size of sexual transition very slightly from one locality to the next. Total length for females from Ref. 9137.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Pelagic spawner. A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Females are induced to change sex by removal of males from social groups (Ref. 38802). Sex-reversal is completed in 2-4 weeks after male removal in the area, or 170-280 days in an all female group (Ref. 34185, 34249, 34250). Length at sex change = 5.0 cm TL (Ref. 55367). Also Ref. 103751.
Successful males spawn nightly with successive females (Ref. 37816).
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; آكواريوم: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.3 - 28.9, mean 27.6 °C (based on 1000 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 83.1 [47.1, 158.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.796 [0.436, 1.349] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.167 [0.104, 0.269] g/100g; Selenium = 26.4 [15.1, 50.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 207 [72, 672] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.48 [0.99, 2.13] mg/100g (wet weight);
