Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
European anchovy
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Engraulis encrasicolus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Engraulis encrasicolus
画像によって Dammous, S.
画像 | 切手、コイン、その他 | グーグルの画像
画像によって Dammous, S.
分類 / 名前 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Engraulis: Greek, eggraulis, -eos = anchovy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Engraulis: Greek, eggraulis, -eos = anchovy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
環境：環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲 生態学
海; 汽水性の pelagic-neritic; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 0 - 400 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 62°N - 37°S, 18°W - 42°E (Ref. 54230)
分布 領土 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | 目的のマップ | 導入 | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Bergen, Norway to East London, South Africa (perhaps reaching Durban) (Ref. 10000). Also all of Mediterranean, Black and Azov seas, with stray individuals in Suez Canal and Gulf of Suez; also recorded from St. Helena (Ref. 189). Reported from Estonia (Ref. 33247).
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 10.1, range 9 - 14 cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 189); common length : 13.5 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 189); 最大公表体重: 0.00 g; 最大記録サイズ: 5 年 (Ref. 92145)
Max length : 20.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 189); common length : 13.5 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 189); 最大公表体重: 0.00 g; 最大記録サイズ: 5 年 (Ref. 92145)
簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 16 - 18; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 13 - 15; 脊つい: 46 - 47. Snout pointed; maxilla short, tip blunt, reaching almost to front border of pre-operculum, not projecting beyond tip of second supra-maxilla; tip of lower jaw reaching almost to below nostril. Gill rakers present on hind face of third epibranchial. Pseudobranch longer than eye, reaching onto inner face of operculum. A silver stripe along flank, disappearing with age.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Mainly oceanic, marine species, forming large schools (see Ref. 126017:598). Tolerates salinities of 5-41 ppt and in some areas, enters lagoons, estuaries and lakes, especially during spawning. Tends to move further north and into surface waters in summer, retreating and descending in winter. Feeds on planktonic organisms. Spawns from April to November with peaks usually in the warmest months. Eggs are ellipsoidal to oval, floating in the upper 50 m and hatching in 24-65 hours. Marketed fresh, dried, smoked, canned and frozen; made into fish meal (Ref. 9987).
ライフサイクルと交尾行動 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Pelagic spawners. Gametogenesis is continuous, multiple spawning. Spawning peaks are usually in the warmer months which makes this species a spring-summer spawner. The limits of the spawning season is dependent on temperature and is therefore more restricted in northern areas. Sex ratio: 45% female (Ref. 5580).
主な参考文献
参考文献のアップロード | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
CITES
Not Evaluated
人間に対する脅威
Harmless
人間の用途
水産業: 高い商業の; 餌: usually
FAO - 水産業: 着陸, 種の外形; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | 私達の周りの海
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インターネットの情報源
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 部類, 種 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 水産業: 着陸, 種の外形; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国のデーターベース | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公共の水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 生命の木 | Wikipedia: 行く, 検索する | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物に関する記録
モデルに基づく推定値
好ましい温度 (参照 123201): 7.1 - 18, mean 10.8 °C (based on 667 cells).
系統多様性指数 (参照 82804): PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00414 - 0.00505), b=3.10 (3.07 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (参照 69278): 3.1 ±0.36 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.2 (1.8 - 2.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 50 growth studies.
回復力 (参照 120179): 手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.3-1.73; tmax=6; Fec =13,000-503,000).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 21 full stock assessments.
栄養素 (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 170 [78, 369] mg/100g; Iron = 1.21 [0.63, 2.85] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.6, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.976 [0.611, 1.574] g/100g; Selenium = 19.1 [9.3, 36.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.5 [4.4, 51.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.79, 1.84] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.