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أشلاق (القروش و الشفانين) (sharks and rays) > Squaliformes (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) > Etmopteridae (Lantern sharks)
Etymology: Etmopterus: Greek, ethmos, -ou = sieve or ethmoides bone + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range البيئة

بحري; نطاق العمق 220 - 1620 m (Ref. 44037), usually 400 - 600 m (Ref. 124555). Deep-water; 29°S - 59°S

التوزيع دول | مناطق الفاو | النظام البيئي | الظهور | Point map | مقدمة | Faunafri

Indian Ocean, Southern Pacific and Southern Atlantic (Ref. 106604). Reported from off the western Cape coast but the identity of South African specimens is questionable (Ref. 127434).

Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - 75 cm
Max length : 86.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 122636); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 3.6 kg (Ref. 122636)

وصف مختصر مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي

الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 2; شوكة شرجية: 0. A large, heavy-bodied lanternshark with a big head (Ref. 5578), bladelike unicuspidate teeth in lower jaw and teeth with cusps and cusplets in upper jaw, stocky body, conspicuous lines of denticles on body, conspicuous black markings on underside of body and tail, with tail marking short and not extending far posteriorly (Ref. 247). Dark brown or black in color, possibly darker below (Ref. 26346).

Found on outermost continental shelves and upper slopes (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fishes including lanternfish, barracudina, synaphobranchid eels, oreo dories, hake, rattails, bathylagids, idiacanthids; also on squids (including histioteuthids and ommastrephids), octopuses, euphausiids, mysids, penaeid shrimp, salps, sponges and ribbonworms (Nemertina) (Ref. 124555). Bioluminescence observed, with the dorsal photophores, flank markings, and brighter pectoral fin and claspers are likely to be used for intraspecific communications and the ventrally emitted light is likely to be used for counterillumination (Ref. 123656). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with 10-13 in a litter, size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871) to possibly 30 cm (Ref. 124555), Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 247.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Ovoviviparous, with 10-13 in a litter (Ref. 6871). Size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

المرجع الرئيسي Upload your references | مراجع | المنظم | المتعاونين

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 July 2017

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر للأنسان

Harmless

استخدامات بشرية

مصائد: غير ذات اهمية

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مزيد من المعلومات

Trophic ecology
عناصر الغذاء
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
مفتريسات

Ecology
البيئة

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
الطول- الترددات
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
التكاثر
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larvae
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Distribution
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Physiology
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Nutrients
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نوع السباحة
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
أصوات الأسماك
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
جيني
Electrophoreses
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Human related
Aquaculture systems
ملامح تربية الأحياء المائية
سلالات
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
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Taxonomy
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مرادفات
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قياسات المظهر الخارجي
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References
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أدوات

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مصادر علي الأنترنت

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 1.7 - 9.2, mean 3.2 °C (based on 174 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00291 - 0.00454), b=3.08 (3.02 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

مستوى غذائي (Ref. 69278): 4.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.

المرونه (Ref. 120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Fec=10).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 7.13 [1.44, 36.37] mg/100g; Iron = 0.343 [0.085, 1.239] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [16.8, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.328 [0.118, 1.004] g/100g; Selenium = 12.4 [3.4, 39.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [4.0, 113.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.385 [0.186, 0.758] mg/100g (wet weight);

العودة الي البحث

Random Species

العودة الي الاعلي

Etmopterus granulosus (Günther, 1880)