Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Amblyraja: Greek, amblys = darkness + Latin, raja, -ae = ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: This is a toponym referring to the fact that the holotype was caught in the coastal waters of South Georgia and was named after that island. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Norman.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas batidemersal; intervalo de profundidade 20 - 350 m (Ref. 58839). Deep-water; 43°S - 74°S, 48°E - 23°W (Ref. 114953)
Southeast Pacific: Chile (Ref. 27540). Southern Ocean: around South Georgia Island and on the ridge westward towards Black Rocks. Occasionally seen on the Scotia Ridge.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 114953)
Found on continental and insular shelves, as well as upper slopes. Feeds mainly on small benthic invertebrates (Ref. 114953). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Reaches maturity at 80-90 cm TL; birth size at ca. 20 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsule measures 116.5 mm long and 80.0 mm wide (Ref. 41249). Utilized as fishmeal and possibly not utilized for human consumption due to extreme roughness of its squamation (Ref. 5159).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: pescarias de subsistência
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): -1.4 - 0.5, mean -0.6 °C (based on 28 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00141 - 0.00645), b=3.24 (3.07 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Assuming tm>5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 3.68 [0.60, 74.79] mg/100g; Iron = 0.312 [0.029, 4.166] mg/100g; Protein = 15.5 [13.4, 17.5] %; Omega3 = 0.393 [0.157, 0.959] g/100g; Selenium = 13.2 [2.4, 63.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.56 [0.48, 84.64] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.219 [0.014, 2.548] mg/100g (wet weight);
