分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Balistidae (Triggerfishes)
Etymology: Balistes: Latin, balista, -ae = crossbowman. In Greek, ballo = to throw (Ref. 45335); capriscus: Specific name 'capriscus' meaning a small goat; probably referring to its 'face' which looks like a small goat (to be confirmed)...
More on author: Gmelin.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 7348), usually 0 - 55 m (Ref. 55172). 亞熱帶的; 58°N - 37°S, 98°W - 36°E
Western and Eastern Atlantic:
東大西洋: 地中海到安哥拉的莫卡米底斯。 西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷.(參考文獻 7251)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 17.0, range 13 - 29.7 cm
Max length : 66.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 127374); common length : 44.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 47377); 最大体重: 6.2 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 107826)
背棘 (总数) : 3; 背的软条 (总数) : 26 - 29; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 23 - 26. Tall, with a small mouth and plate like scales (Ref. 35388). Three faint irregular broad dark bars on body; a narrow pale transverse band on chin; small light blue spots on upper half of body and median fins, and irregular short lines ventrally (Ref. 13442).
高的, 具有一个小的嘴与像鳞片的碟.(参考文献 35388) 在身体上的三条模糊的不规则的宽深色的横带; 在下巴上的一条狭窄的灰白横跨的条纹; 腹地的在身体与中央的鳍上半部上的小的浅蓝色斑点 , 与不规则的短线.(参考文献 13442)
Inhabits bays, harbors, lagoons, and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). May drift with young at surface among Sargassum (Ref. 9710). Usually solitary or in small groups (Ref. 9710). Feeds on benthic invertebrates like mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 4727). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Consumed mostly fresh, smoked, and dried salted. The flesh is of excellent quality. Because it is resistant to capture, it proliferates and competes for food with other species (Ref. 5377).
栖息于海湾，港湾，舄湖与临海礁石。 (参考文献 9710) 在 马尾藻 之中的表面可以和幼鱼一起漂流。 (参考文献 9710) 通常独居性的或形成小群鱼群.(参考文献 9710) 吃底栖的像软件动物与甲壳动物的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 4727) 卵生的.(参考文献 205) 消费了大部份生鲜、烟熏, 与干燥盐腌。 肉是有优良质量的。 因为捕获是有抵抗性, 它增殖而且与其他的种竞争食物。 (参考文献 5377)
Adults guard the embryos nested in sand which hatched in about two days (Ref. 9778).東大西洋: 地中海到安哥拉的莫卡米底斯。 西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷.(參考文獻 7251)
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., B.B. Collette and B.E. Luckhurst, 1999. Fishes of Bermuda: history, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 4. 424 p. (Ref. 35505)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9 - 26.2, mean 17.8 °C (based on 1432 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02089 (0.01769 - 0.02468), b=2.90 (2.85 - 2.95), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.0 (2.6 - 4.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 20
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18-0.43; tm=1).
Prior r = 0.37, 95% CL = 0.25 - 0.56, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.4 [6.5, 68.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.507 [0.242, 1.275] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.6, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.212 [0.146, 0.316] g/100g; Selenium = 21.2 [8.9, 47.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25 [6, 111] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.5 [0.3, 0.8] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
