Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 5 - 210 m (Ref. 9710), usually 5 - 30 m (Ref. 90102). Subtropical; 30°N - 30°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to South Africa, Réunion, Mauritius, Seychelles and Maldives; elsewhere to Indonesia, Japan, Australia and Hawaii; absent in much of Oceania..
Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 48636)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 12 - 13; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 23 - 25; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 17 - 19.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Occur primarily along outer reef slopes, in current channels. Juveniles in aggregations around isolated patch reefs, adults in large schools well above the bottom (Ref. 9710). In Indonesia, adults most common in depth 40-50 m, reported to 200 m (Ref. 48636). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on plankton. Juveniles may act as cleaners (Ref. 9710); also observed in adults (Ref. 48636). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 19.1 - 28.1, mean 26.1 °C (based on 501 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01097 - 0.04568), b=3.01 (2.84 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 3.3 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 50.5 [22.1, 86.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.82 [0.44, 1.53] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.9, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.209 [0.112, 0.391] g/100g; Selenium = 21.1 [9.6, 44.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 45 [11, 180] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.755 [0.467, 1.154] mg/100g (wet weight);
