分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers)
裸頰鯛科 (Emperors or scavengers) > Monotaxinae
Etymology: Gymnocranius: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, kranion = skull (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 50 - 100 m (Ref. 2295). 熱帶; 35°N - 25°S
Indo-West Pacific: east Africa and Seychelles to the Solomon Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia.
印度-西太平洋: 非洲東部與塞錫爾群島到索羅門群島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2295); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2295)
背棘 (總數) : 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 10.
眼的下緣被線從吻尖到尾叉中央分割。 眼直徑通常大約等於吻部的長度。 眼間隔是等於眼直徑的大約的凸狀。 胸鰭葉腋的內面是無鱗片的。 整體的色彩是銀色的, 有時些微褐色背面, 側邊上有大約八條橫跨的褐色橫帶, 在背鰭之下與越過尾梗的第一個橫越經過眼 , 其餘的。 分散的斑塊與斑點有時在側邊上是顯著的。 鰭是清澈的到橘黃色的具有尾部的邊緣與頂端時常深的紅色。
Inhabits sandy or low-relief rocky bottoms (Ref. 11228). Feeds on bottom-living invertebrates. Marketed fresh (Ref. 9775). May be solitary or in small groups, on flat offshore trawling grounds, occasionally near shallow coral reefs (Ref. 90102).
棲息於沙的或低地勢起伏岩石底部.(參考文獻 11228) 吃底棲無脊椎動物。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 (參考文獻 9775)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 非洲東部與塞錫爾群島到索羅門群島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。
Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 28.2, mean 26.7 °C (based on 312 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.00761 - 0.04154), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
