(كوسه ها و سپرماهيان) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Malacoraja: Greek, malakos = soft + Latin, raja, -ae = ray, fis (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 1000 - 1500 m (Ref. 106604). Temperate; 62°N -
Northeast Atlantic: one specimen from north-western slope of Bill Bailey's Bank (61°08'N, 11°26'W). Reported from Iceland (Ref. 12462).
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 3167)
Benthic (Ref. 51024). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00141 - 0.00645), b=3.24 (3.07 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.52 [0.89, 115.96] mg/100g; Iron = 0.263 [0.025, 3.222] mg/100g; Protein = 15.7 [13.7, 17.8] %; Omega3 = 0.858 [0.372, 2.119] g/100g; Selenium = 17.7 [3.6, 92.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.86 [0.42, 65.81] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.369 [0.026, 4.139] mg/100g (wet weight);