Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino; salobre demersal; rango de profundidad 1 - 36 m (Ref. 13608). Tropical; 16°N - 14°S, 87°W - 34°W
Western Central Atlantic: Honduras to Salvador (Bahia) in Brazil.
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm 20.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 57.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 3273); common length : 35.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 3273); peso máximo publicado: 2.3 kg (Ref. 5217)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 3; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 28 - 30; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 25 - 27. Supraorbital and interorbital region smooth, without any filament; scaled area on head extending to middle of eye and opercle spine; 9 discrete pores on inner face of pectoral fin; body brown, with black spots and saddle-shaped blotches (Ref. 13608).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Mainly in brackish water (Ref. 5217). Found on sandy-muddy bottoms in shallow warm water. Not so active, lingers over the substrate disguised. Feeds on small gastropod mollusks, crustaceans like crabs (Calappidae, Portunidae, Xanthidae, etc.), shrimps (Penaeidae, Palaemonidae, Alphaeidae, etc.) and fishes. Females are mature at around 20 cm length, males at 25 cm. Spawns 400 to 500 eggs, with a size of 4 to 5 mm (Ref. 35237). Marketed fresh.
Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento
Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
Collette, B.B., 1978. Batrachoididae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 1. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3273)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Harmless
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: comercial; Acuario: Comercial
Herramientas
Informes especiales
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Temperatura preferida (Referencia
123201): 27.1 - 28.3, mean 27.6 °C (based on 300 cells).
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00479 - 0.01202), b=3.16 (3.03 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia
69278): 3.7 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
Resiliencia (Referencia
120179): Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
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Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 102 [53, 175] mg/100g; Iron = 0.946 [0.603, 1.455] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.26 [0.15, 0.46] g/100g; Selenium = 48 [27, 94] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22 [9, 54] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.29 [0.98, 1.75] mg/100g (wet weight);