分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes)
頜針魚目 (Needle fishes) >
Belonidae (Needlefishes)
頜針魚科 (Needlefishes)
Etymology: Strongylura: Greek, strongylos = round + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 3 m (Ref. 58047). 亞熱帶的
Western Atlantic: southeastern Florida (USA), Bahamas, and northeastern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil.
西大西洋: 佛羅里達東南方 (美國) ，巴哈馬與墨西哥灣東北方到巴西。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背的软条 (总数) : 15 - 17; 臀鳍软条: 16 - 20. Caudal peduncle without a lateral keel, the least depth about equal to the width; maxilla exposed posteriorly; opercles scaled.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
尾梗没有一个侧龙骨,最少的深度大约等于宽度; 颚骨在后部地暴露出来; 鳃盖覆有鳞片的。
Adults found on reef flats, in lagoons, or in freshwater (Ref. 9710). Juveniles found among floating algae (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on small fishes (Ref. 3129). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Eggs may be found attached to objects in the water by tendrils on the egg's surface (Ref. 205). During the day preys on small fishes and shrimps close to water surface, approaching potential prey stealthily within lunging range, but when disturbed, may leap and skitter at the surface. At night, young individuals rest close to the surface, aligned with semi-submersed leaves of marsh grass in mangroves, and when disturbed, usually sinks slowly and hides within vegetation. The resemblance to grass blades and its night-time behavior are believed to be defensive adaptations against nocturnal visually oriented predators like night herons (Ref. 40403).
在舄湖中，成鱼发现于礁石平台了, 或在淡水中.(参考文献 9710) 稚鱼发现于漂浮的藻类中了。 (参考文献 9710) 主要吃小鱼。 (参考文献 3129) 卵生的.(参考文献 205) 卵可能被发现于在卵的表面上的卷须水依附于目标。 (参考文献 205) 在白天期间捕食小鱼，而且虾接近水面,暗地里在肺范围里面接近可能的猎物, 但是当被惊扰时, 可能跳跃而且飞掠在水表面。 在晚上，幼鱼休息接近表面,合并在红树林中的沼泽草的半长在水中树叶了, 与当被惊扰时, 通常慢慢地下沉而且藏在植物里面。 樣似草葉片與它的夜間行為被相信是對抗夜行的像夜鷺的掠食者的防禦適應。 (參考文獻 40403)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 佛羅里達東南方 (美國) ，巴哈馬與墨西哥灣東北方到巴西。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): 24 - 28.1, mean 27.4 °C (based on 778 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00162 (0.00103 - 0.00255), b=3.10 (2.97 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 49.4 [13.5, 197.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.524 [0.222, 1.285] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.3, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.18 [0.07, 0.52] g/100g; Selenium = 9.41 [3.63, 24.67] μg/100g; VitaminA = 95.1 [23.1, 447.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.693 [0.394, 1.211] mg/100g (wet weight);
