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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Gerreidae (Mojarras)
Etymology: Gerres: Latin, gerres = a kind of anchovies; cited by Plinius.
Eponymy: This is a toponym referring to the River Niger; the river (or its mouth, in the case of marine species) being the type locality. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; نطاق العمق ? - 60 m (Ref. 57394). Tropical; 18°N - 17°S, 29°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: west African coast, from Guinea to Congo (Ref. 57394). Also reported from Senegal (Ref. 4323, 28587, 33587), Gambia (Ref. 5476), Guinea-Bissau (Ref. 26999) and as far south as Angola (Ref. 3166).
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm 8.8, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 57394); common length : 15.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2683)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 9; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 10; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8. Diagnosis: body oblong and compressed; snout pointed, shorter than eye diameter; mouth strongly protrusible; nostrils contiguous, situated at midpoint between eye and snout tip; dorsal fin deeply notched; pectoral fins long, reaching to, or extending beyond anal-fin origin; large cycloid scales; scales of the interocular space not reaching anterior border of eyes; spinous part of dorsal fin greyish, without a black spot at tip (Ref. 57394).
Coloration: back olivaceous-brown, sides silvery, with longitudinal dark bands; young individuals with narrow, dark vertical bars on sides; spinous part of dorsal fin distally greyish, but without a distinct black spot at tip; juveniles with 2 longitudinal series of dark spots on dorsal fin (Ref. 57394).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Occurs on littoral mud and sand bottoms to about 60 m depth (Ref. 57394). Often enters estuaries and coastal lagoons (Ref. 7375) during reproduction (Ref. 57394). Feeds on fish, shrimps, mollusks, plankton and detritus (Ref. 28587).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Roux, C., 1986. Gerridae. p. 325-326. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4323)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 23 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 78 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00564 - 0.01943), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 3.2 ±0.51 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (K=1.5; tm<1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 172 [85, 323] mg/100g; Iron = 1 [1, 2] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.267 [0.132, 0.505] g/100g; Selenium = 50.4 [27.3, 98.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 30.3 [9.0, 78.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.9 [1.3, 2.7] mg/100g (wet weight);
