Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مياه عميقة; نطاق العمق 500 - 1400 m (Ref. 104125). Deep-water; 47°N - 30°N, 6°W - 36°E
Mediterranean Sea endemic.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 3.3, range 3 - 3.5 cm
Max length : 2.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4769); 2.9 cm SL (female)
Precise depth range dependent upon developmental stage and season. Presumed dioecious, spawns during spring to autumn (Ref. 4769).
Probably dioecious (Ref. 4769).
Badcock, J., 1984. Gonostomatidae. p. 284-301. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 1. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4769)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.1 - 14, mean 13.7 °C (based on 87 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00171 - 0.00885), b=2.99 (2.79 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Fec=200).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 122 [33, 742] mg/100g; Iron = 0.965 [0.289, 3.070] mg/100g; Protein = 2.07 [0.00, 6.11] %; Omega3 = 0.235 [0.062, 0.929] g/100g; Selenium = 8.26 [2.14, 38.36] μg/100g; VitaminA = 104 [12, 825] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.5 [0.6, 3.8] mg/100g (wet weight);
