Philippines country information

Common names: Bakwak, Convict surgeonfish, Indangan
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from San Vicente, N. Luzon (Ref. 58652), Lanuza Bay (Ref 104756) and Leyte Gulf (Ref. 68980), Dauin-Apo I. (Ref. 127519). Also Ref. 37792, 48613, 53416, 121724.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Rau, N. and A. Rau, 1980
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Chirurgien bagnard, Convict tang, Chirurgien zèbre, ... more

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Issue
Planes and Fauvelot (2002) studied Acanthurus triostegus over its vast range and published in the journal Evolution and they did not recognize Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis as a species. FishBase follows Randall, 1956 with A. sandvicensis as a subspecies (synonym) of A. triostegus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser riff-verbunden; tiefenbereich 0 - 90 m (Ref. 9710), usually 0 - 90 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 26°N - 36°S, 25°E - 85°W (Ref. 57245)

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: throughout the region except for the seas around the Arabian Peninsula. Eastern Pacific: lower Gulf of California to Panama, including the Revillagigedo, Cocos, Clipperton, and Galapagos islands.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m 8.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3145); common length : 17.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9267)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 9; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 22 - 26; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 19 - 22. Body olivaceous gray, with 4 vertical stripes (1 stripe on head across the yellow eye; 1 on caudal peduncle); shading to white ventrally, often with a sharp line of demarcation. Sharp, forward-pointing, erectile spine on each side of caudal peduncle which folds down into a groove. Scales minute. Teeth with denticulations on sides and top. Gill rakers 18-22 in anterior row, 19-24 in posterior row.

Adults occur in lagoon and seaward reefs with hard substrate; young abundant in tide pools (Ref. 3145, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Often feeding near freshwater run-offs where certain algae grow on rocks that are grazed (Ref. 48637). Occasionally form schools; feed on filamentous algae in large aggregations. During spawning, clouds of eggs and sperm are preyed upon by eagle rays which are often present during spawning. Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825). Size of metamorphosis from post-larva stage to juvenile is 3.2 cm (Ref. 9267). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 7364). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 27115.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825).

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator : Randall, John E. | Partner

Randall, J.E., 1956. A revision of the surgeonfish genus Acanthurus. Pac. Sci. 10(2):159-235. (Ref. 1920)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 May 2010

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquarium: Kommerziell

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Trophic ecology
Nahrungsorganismen
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Food rations
Räuber

Ecology
Ökologie
Home ranges

Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
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Anatomy
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Physiology
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Visual pigment(s)
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Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 23.4 - 28.9, mean 27.6 (based on 2614 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02399 (0.01950 - 0.02951), b=2.96 (2.92 - 3.00), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.8 ±0.35 se; based on food items.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.35; tm=1-2).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Acanthurus triostegus (Linnaeus, 1758)