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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Poey.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক রীফ সংশ্লিষ্ট; গভীরতার পরিসীমা 10 - 190 m (Ref. 55), usually 30 - 130 m (Ref. 55). Subtropical; 43°N - 4°S, 100°W - 40°W (Ref. 55228)
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico and eastern coast of the USA extending northward to Massachusetts, coasts of Florida (Ref. 26938), but rare north of the Carolinas. Throughout Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 26938). This species has been referred to as Lutjanus aya by previous authors, but Rivas (Ref. 6409) proved that Bodianus aya Bloch, 1790 is not a lutjanid, but probably a sciaenid.
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm 39.3, range 25 - 47.5 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 26938); common length : 60.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 55); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 22.8 kg (Ref. 40637); সর্বোচ্চ উলি্ল্লখিত বয়স : 57 বৎসর (Ref. 48779)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 10; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 14; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 3; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 8 - 9. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Specimens under 30 to 35 cm with large dark spot on the upper sides, located below the anterior soft dorsal rays.
Adults are found over rocky bottoms. Juveniles inhabit shallow waters, common over sand or muddy bottoms. Feed mainly on fishes, shrimps, crabs, worms, cephalopods, and some planktonic items including urochordates and gastropods. Marketed fresh and eaten steamed, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Heavily exploited in American waters where it is now closely protected; shrimp fishing, accused of destroying young snappers, is currently restricted.
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
Human uses
মৎস্য: বাণিজ্যিক; শিকারযোগ্য মাছ: হঁ্যা
হাতিয়ার
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.7 - 27.5, mean 24.4 °C (based on 218 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.01280 - 0.01632), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.72 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.9 (6.1 - 7.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 19
growth studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (K=0.12-0.2; tmax=16; Fec > 1 million).
Prior r = 0.48, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.71, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.4 [7.2, 20.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.274 [0.163, 0.455] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.8, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.195 [0.122, 0.314] g/100g; Selenium = 42 [23, 74] μg/100g; VitaminA = 59 [11, 265] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.245 [0.180, 0.365] mg/100g (wet weight);
