Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino; acqua dolce; salmastro associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 2 - 40 m (Ref. 58047), usually 5 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). Subtropical; 42°N - 26°S, 98°W - 14°W (Ref. 55232)
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to São Paulo, Brazil (Ref. 57756), including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 9626). Eastern Atlantic: St. Paul's Rocks and Ascension Island (Ref. 13121), Tinhosa Grande, south of Príncipe Island (L.A. Pereira (pers. comm.).
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 32.4, range 31 - 36 cm
Max length : 128 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 40637); common length : 60.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 26938); peso massimo pubblicato: 28.6 kg (Ref. 40637); Età massima riportata: 33 anni (Ref. 115050)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 10; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 14 - 15; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 8. Preopercular notch and knob weak. One of the pairs of canines in upper jaw notably enlarged, visible even when mouth is closed. Pectoral fins long, reaching level of anus. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Presence of a triangular bar between lower edge of eye and rear of mouth. Back and upper sides olive brown with bronze tinge, sometimes with narrow pale bars; lower sides and belly light reddish with a copper tinge. Young with a horizontal blue line below eye which breaks into a row of spots in adults.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults are common around rocky or coral reefs. Young are found in estuaries and occasionally enters rivers. Feed mainly on fishes and benthic invertebrates, including shrimps, crabs, gastropods and cephalopods.
Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 55)
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Acquari pubblici
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
Scarica XML
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Temperatura preferita (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 23.2 - 28, mean 25.8 °C (based on 522 cells).
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.01344 - 0.01704), b=2.96 (2.94 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 4.4 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.10; tm=5.5; tmax=33;).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.42, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
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Nutrienti (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.5 [5.9, 19.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.269 [0.156, 0.499] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.0, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.097, 0.305] g/100g; Selenium = 28.8 [13.9, 56.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 96.7 [15.9, 482.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.254 [0.176, 0.396] mg/100g (wet weight);