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Trachichthyiformes (Roughies) >
Trachichthyidae (Slimeheads)
Etymology: Hoplostethus: Greek, hoplon = weapon + Greek, stetho, stethion = brest; literal = to prick a little breast (Ref. 45335).
Окружающая среда: среда / климатическая зона / пределы глубины / диапазон распространения
экология
морской батипелагический; мигрирует в океане (Ref. 51243); пределы глубины 180 - 1809 m (Ref. 6390), usually 400 - 900 m (Ref. 3583). Deep-water; 3°C - 9°C (Ref. 36694); 65°N - 56°S, 84°W - 168°W
Western Atlantic: Gulf of Maine (Ref. 4784) [in error according to Moore (Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, in press), should be off northern Nova Scotia]. Eastern Atlantic: Iceland to Morocco; Walvis Bay, Namibia to off Durban, South Africa. Indo-Pacific: south-central Indian Ocean and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: Chile (Ref. 27363). Several stocks may exist as suggested by distinct spawning sites and seasons.
Длина при первой зрелости / Размер / Вес / Возраст
половая зрелость: Lm 34.5, range 18 - 32.5 cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 36696); common length : 40.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 4181); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 7.0 kg (Ref. 36697); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 149 годы (Ref. 3680)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 4 - 6; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 15 - 19; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 10 - 12. Bright brick-red in color, mouth and gill cavity bluish black (Ref. 4181). Ventral scutes: 19-25.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Inhabits deep, cold waters over steep continental slopes, ocean ridges and sea-mounts. Shallow range of usual occurrence from Ref. 27121. Appears to be dispersed over both rough bottoms and steep, rough grounds where it feeds on crustaceans and fish. In New Zealand, the main prey include mesopelagic and benthopelagic prawns, fish, and squid, with other organisms such as mysids, amphipods and euphausiids occasionally being important (Ref. 9072). Juveniles feed mainly on crustaceans (Ref. 27075, 27076). Grows very slowly and is one of the longest lived fish species known. Based on parasite and trace-element analyses, orange roughy is a sedentary species with little movement between fish-management zones (Ref. 27089). Little is known of the larvae and juveniles which are probably confined to deep water (Ref. 27088). The fishery targets sporadically formed dense spawning and non-spawning aggregations. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Because of severe overfishing the species has been listed as threatened by the Australian Government in 2006.
Orange roughy are synchronous annual spawners (Ref. 7030). They form dense spawning aggregations over sea hills and slopes. Eggs and sperms are shed into the water at the same time. Individual males appear to spawn over a 1-2 week period and females spawn for up to 1 week. Little is known of the larvae and juveniles.
Maul, G.E., 1986. Trachichthyidae. p. 749-752. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4784)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: важный объект промысла
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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Оценки, основанные на моделях
Предпочтительная температура (ссылка
123201): 3.5 - 8.4, mean 6.6 °C (based on 754 cells).
Индекс филогенетического разнообразия (ссылка
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01610 - 0.03112), b=3.08 (2.99 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Трофический уровень (ссылка
69278): 4.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (ссылка
120179): очень низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции более 14 лет (K=0.04-0.06; tm=5-33; tmax=140; Fec=10,000).
Prior r = 0.07, 95% CL = 0.05 - 0.11, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Уязвимость рыбной ловли (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
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Климатическая уязвимость (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
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Питательные вещества (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 12.4 [4.3, 62.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.266 [0.095, 0.925] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [15.8, 19.2] %; Omega3 = 0.16 [0.05, 0.53] g/100g; Selenium = 20.4 [6.3, 69.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.7 [2.7, 276.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.379 [0.183, 0.821] mg/100g (wet weight);