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Mugiliformes (Mullets) >
Mugilidae (Mullets)
Eponymy: Mr. Petard (forename not known) sent fishes to Castelnau that he had collected from the Richmond River, New South Wales, including the type of this one. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Castelnau.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة pelagic-neritic; أسماك نازلة (Ref. 51243). Subtropical; 9°C - 27°C (Ref. 2906); 26°S - 33°S
Oceania: Georges River northwards to the Burnett River in Australia.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm 38.0, range 36 - 40 cm
Max length : 81.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2906); common length : 35.0 cm NG ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2906); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 7.5 kg (Ref. 2906); العمر: 14 سنين (Ref. 44894)
Often occur in small groups in deep pools where stream flow is slow. Inhabit deep, gently flowing sections of rivers. Also occur in estuaries and coastal seas during spawning runs. Tolerant of temperatures between 9° and 27°C. Form small shoals (Ref. 44894). Mainly herbivorous. Feed on filamentous green algae, microscopic plants and animals as well as detritus. Also consume benthic invertebrates. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Spawn in estuaries or at sea following a downstream migration in summer. Peak spawning activity is in February. Sexual maturity is reached after 4 years at a length of about 30 centimeters. Maximum life span is approximately 14 years (Ref. 44894).
Merrick, J.R. and G.E. Schmida, 1984. Australian freshwater fishes: biology and management. Griffin Press Ltd., South Australia. 409 p. (Ref. 2906)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
الأستزراع المائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00555 - 0.02485), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 2.3 ±0.20 se; based on food items.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (tm=4; tmax=14; Fec=1.1 million).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
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