分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
Genetic data indicate that it is a complex of species having apparently similar distribution ranges in the Indo-Pacific (Ref. 114224).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 降海洄游 (Ref. 46888); 深度上下限 0 - 3 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶; 35°N - 32°S, 28°E - 135°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea, south to Transkei, South Africa (Ref. 4393) and east to the Hawaiian and Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia and Norfolk Island (Ref. 8879) and Tuamotu Islands (Ref. 90102).
印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的川斯凱 (參考文獻 4393) 與東的夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亞與諾福克島.(參考文獻 8879)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大体重: 8.0 kg (Ref. 37816)
背棘 (总数) : 5; 背的软条 (总数) : 8 - 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 9. Diagnosis: Characterized by having membranous, digitate posterior margin on scales; snout shorter than eye diameter; slender maxilla and weakly curved ventrally at posterior tip, partially or completely concealed; poorly developed adipose eyelid as rim around eye; preorbital weakly concave on anteroventral edge (Ref. 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
背面的蓝色褐色或绿色; 侧面与腹部银色的; 在鳞片的上面列上的暗色的斑点, 给不明显的纵向斑纹.(参考文献 9812) 背部的与用深蓝色顶端的尾鳍上叶。 臀鳍、腹鳍、与胸鳍黄色。 胸鳍也有深蓝色斑点在起点背面.(参考文献 9812) 胸鳍叶腋鳞片非常长的。
Found in coastal waters but enters estuaries and rivers where they feed on microalgae, filamentous algae, forams, diatoms, and detritus associated with sand and mud (Ref. 9812). Form schools. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Also caught using stakenets, barrier nets, and pouch nets during spawning; also taken as bycatch (Ref. 9812). Marketed fresh and perhaps salted, boiled (Thailand), canned or frozen (Australia); roe salted (Ref. 9812).
栖息于沿岸水域但是进入河口与河在哪里它吃微藻类，菌丝藻，有孔动物，硅藻, 与碎屑伴随着沙子与泥了。 (参考文献 9812) 形成鱼群。 在产卵的时候也使用标桩网，栅网与袋网捕捉; 也被误捕。 (参考文献 9812) 生鲜销售与也许盐腌, 煮沸 (泰国), 罐装的或冷冻的 (澳大利亚); 鱼白盐腌的.(参考文献 9812)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的川斯凱 (參考文獻 4393) 與東的夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亞與諾福克島.(參考文獻 8879)
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): 25.2 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3155 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.01052 - 0.01374), b=2.96 (2.93 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 2.3 ±0.14 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.23-0.28).
Prior r = 0.35, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.53, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (82 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.4 [20.9, 168.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.614 [0.274, 1.463] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.2, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.145 [0.069, 0.311] g/100g; Selenium = 21.9 [11.0, 49.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.2 [11.9, 234.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.74 [1.10, 2.70] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
