分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes) > Trematominae
Etymology: Trematomus: Greek, trematos = hole + Greek, tomo = section, cut (Ref. 45335); bernacchii: Species name bernacchii honors Louis Bernarcchi, an Australian physicist-meteorologist; specimen collected on the Southern Cross Expedition and served on Scott's 1901 expedition (Ref. 45168).
Eponymy: Louis Charles ‘Bunny’ Bernacchi (1876–1942) was a physicist and astronomer who took part in several expeditions to Antarctica. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Boulenger.
Issue
The genus Pseudotrematomus is a synonym of Trematomus, which is confirmed by a molecular study to be published (J.-C. Hureau, pers. comm. 08 Jun. 2010).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 700 m (Ref. 11892), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 45168). 極; 61°S - 78°S
Southern Ocean: Peter Island, South Shetland, Elephant and South Orkney islands. Mac-Robertson, Queen Mary, Adelie Coasts, Weddell, Davis and Ross seas. East Antarctica from Queen Maud Land to Terre Adelie.
南極海: 彼得島，雪特蘭群島南方部，象與奧克尼群島南方部島。 Mac-羅伯遜，瑪麗皇后， Adelie 海岸，威德爾海，戴維斯與羅斯海洋。 東的從皇后灰色條紋呢土地到 Terre Adelie 的南極洲。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ?, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5179); 35.0 cm TL (female); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2121); 最大年龄: 10 年 (Ref. 5179)
背棘 (总数) : 4 - 6; 背的软条 (总数) : 34 - 39; 臀鳍软条: 31 - 35. Body brownish, large dark spots in two or three series on body. Spinous dorsal blackish in upper part (Ref. 11892).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
身体褐色的, 在身体上的二或三系列中的大深色的斑点。 刺状的背部黑色的在上半部中.(参考文献 11892)
Found in seafloors, well adapted to extremely low and stable temperatures (-1.86°C), annual mean temperature of McMurdo Sound) (Ref. 45168). Feed on polychaetes, gastropods, isopods, amphipods and few algae. Spawn once a year (Ref. 1071). Utilized for human consumption.
发现于海底了, 很好地适应非常低而稳定的温度 (-1.86 °C, McMurdo Sound 的年平均温) 。 (参考文献 45168) 吃多毛类动物，腹足动物，等足目动物，片脚类动物与很少的藻类。 供人类食用。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Although members of this Family are known to tend to egg masses, it is assumed that because of the high fecundity, this species is a non-guarder (RF), to be corrected if direct information becomes available.南極海: 彼得島，雪特蘭群島南方部，象與奧克尼群島南方部島。 Mac-羅伯遜，瑪麗皇后， Adelie 海岸，威德爾海，戴維斯與羅斯海洋。 東的從皇后灰色條紋呢土地到 Terre Adelie 的南極洲。
Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5179)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): -1.8 - -0.8, mean -1.7 °C (based on 2076 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00279 - 0.01033), b=3.24 (3.08 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.9 (2.0 - 12.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.19-0.91; tm=3-6; tmax=10; Fec=1,200-3,123).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31.4 [18.6, 70.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.456 [0.206, 0.860] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [16.3, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.417 [0.228, 0.727] g/100g; Selenium = 15.4 [6.7, 32.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.6 [3.5, 70.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.515 [0.356, 0.761] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
